Tree Branches Crossing — What to Do

Understanding the Problem: Why Crossing Branches are a Concern

Crossing branches, also known as rubbing or girdling branches, are a common issue in many trees. This occurs when two branches grow in such a way that they rub against each other, or one branch grows across another, potentially restricting its growth or causing damage. While it might seem like a minor aesthetic issue, crossing branches can lead to significant problems for the health and longevity of your tree. The constant friction between branches can create open wounds, making the tree vulnerable to pests, diseases, and decay. These wounds can also weaken the structural integrity of the tree, increasing the risk of branch failure during storms or high winds. Furthermore, if one branch girdles another, it can cut off the flow of water and nutrients, eventually leading to the death of the girdled branch or even a larger section of the tree. Addressing crossing branches proactively is a crucial aspect of proper tree care, ensuring your tree remains healthy, strong, and beautiful for years to come.

Step-by-Step Guide to Addressing Crossing Branches

1. Identify the Problem Branches

Before you make any cuts, take the time to carefully inspect your tree. Look for branches that are growing into each other, rubbing together, or crossing over in a way that could cause future problems. Pay close attention to areas where bark is already worn away or damaged due to friction. It's often easier to spot these issues when the tree is dormant and has no leaves, but they can be identified at any time of year. Walk around the entire tree, viewing it from different angles to ensure you don't miss any hidden crossing branches. Mark the branches you intend to prune with a piece of brightly colored tape or string to avoid confusion.

2. Choose the Right Tools

Having the correct tools is essential for making clean, precise cuts that will heal properly. For smaller branches (up to 1.5 inches in diameter), a sharp pair of hand pruners or bypass loppers will suffice. For larger branches, you'll need a pruning saw. Ensure all your tools are clean and sharp to prevent tearing the bark and to minimize the risk of spreading diseases. You might also want to have a pair of gloves and safety glasses for protection.

3. Make the Cut

Once you've identified the problematic branches and gathered your tools, it's time to make the cut. The general rule of thumb is to remove the weaker, less healthy, or poorly positioned branch. If both branches appear equally healthy, consider which one contributes less to the overall shape and structure of the tree. Make your cut just outside the branch collar – the swollen area where the branch meets the trunk or a larger branch. Avoid cutting flush with the trunk, as this can create a larger wound that struggles to heal. Aim for a clean, angled cut that allows water to run off, preventing rot. For larger branches, use the three-cut method to prevent bark stripping: first, make an undercut a few inches from the branch collar; second, make a top cut a few inches further out from the undercut, allowing the branch to fall; and third, make the final clean cut just outside the branch collar.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Cutting too much at once: Removing more than 25% of a tree's canopy in a single season can stress the tree and inhibit its growth.
• Leaving stubs: Stubs don't heal properly and can become entry points for pests and diseases.
• Cutting the branch collar: This damages the tree's natural healing mechanism.
• Using dull or dirty tools: Dull tools tear the bark, and dirty tools can spread diseases.
• Pruning at the wrong time of year: While crossing branches can be removed at any time, heavy pruning is best done during the dormant season for most trees.